The common definition of an imaginary number, or complex number, is the square root of a negative number. The concept of i is straightforward enough: since i is the square root of -1, then it logically follows that i squared must be equal to -1. Although the square root of a negative number is often considered undefined, the brilliance of complex numbers lies in the assumption that this square root is nonetheless meaningful. Since almost all of the basic properties of algebra or real numbers apply to complex numbers, they are merely an extension of the real number system. In a way, complex numbers are just as “real” as real numbers.

It used to be that a cancer diagnosis was akin to a dreaded death sentence. Today, steady changes in living habits have drastically decreased mortality rates, and billions have been spent on cancer research to find treatments and possible cures. Progress has been slow, but the recent, innovative SpectroPens, devices able to detect cancer cells, may shed more light on how to battle uncontrolled cell growth.

Back in the day, a large expanse of switchgrass waving in the wind would be a familiar sight in the typical prairie. This ordinary plant may prove to be the essential key to saving our planet, eventually providing fuel for millions of cars around the world, powering turbines, and supplying chemicals to our industries. Can this insignificant grass really be the key to all of our troubles?

Many articles will write about the horrors of AIDS, the tragic deaths, the many orphans. Other writings, namely textbooks, will describe the best methods of avoiding infection. Scientific publications will tell of researchers all around the world who are trying to cure the many AIDS victims. Not this one. No, this article will bypass all those and ask, how can people stop the virus medically before people even become infected? Many common viruses these days can be prevented through vaccines.